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--- content:serverbasics:docker-mariadb [2023/12/29 17:08] – angelegt obel1x
+++ content:serverbasics:docker-mariadb [2025/06/05 23:40] (aktuell) – [STOP] obel1x
@@ Zeile 5: / Zeile 5: @@
 Note that this will NOT work out of the Box right now, see this bug here: [[https://github.com/phpmyadmin/docker/issues/187#issuecomment-1872177089|https://github.com/phpmyadmin/docker/issues/187#issuecomment-1872177089]] Currently you need to change the file docker-entrypoint.sh manually after downloading the images.
-===== Yaml and .env =====
+Using Postgres for some time, i switched to mysql and than to mariadb as i like it most, as you can do good performence- measurements with the ability to slowlog.
-i created the directory ''/srv/docker-compose/mariadb'' and put the following files and content in it:
+Remarks to my setup:
-''.env''
+  * Tuned mariadb for Nextcloud
-<code>
+  * Using Sockets, not TCP/IP on the host
-#Allgemeine Einstellungen für docker/mariadb
+  * Added some tweaks from the net
+====== STOP ======
+This - it turned out is a very bad idea. MariaDB on Docker performs VERY bad. So i would strongly not advise to use Docker for this. Use native mariadb on your host and adept what is written here.
+When you link the native mariadb- Socket to the services like this, you will be able to use Mariadb:
+<file>
+  volumes:
+#Bind mount: Socketfile needs to be definied by full filename, not only path!
+    - /run/mysql/mysql.sock:/run/mysql/mysql.sock
+</file>
+Or you can use Port 3306 and as host your servername (NOT localhost).
+So stop reading here, maybe only adjusting your local mariadb with these values beneath, thats all.
+===== Create Socket in tmpfs =====
+On the Host, the directory /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock will be used instead of tcp/ip. This directory needs to be created as tmpfs by systemd at boot.
+Create the File ''/etc/tmpfiles.d/docker-mariadb.conf''  with content
+<file>
+#Type Path            Mode UID      GID    Age Argument
+d     /run/mysqld     0755 docker   docker -   -
+</file>
+===== Yaml and .env, configuration of mariadb and phpMyAdmin =====
+First, create the directory ''/srv/docker-compose/mariadb''  and put the following files and content in it:
+File ''.env''
+<file>
 COMPOSE_HTTP_TIMEOUT=180
-#Diese Variabeln hier sind ganz anders, als die env-files: sie können als parameter in der yaml verwendet werden, nicht so die .env-files der dienste
-#vgl:
-# .env file which is used for variable substitution in the docker-compose.yaml file, and should resolve when you run docker-compose config
-# env_file element in a service definition, which is just setting the environment file to send to docker engine when starting container, as a definition of runtime
-environment. Compose will not parse this file which is opaque to him.
-#
-#Also die globalen Werte müssen hier rein!
-#Mariadb immer dreistellig, möglichst stable
 MARIADB_TAG=11.2.2
+</file>
+File ''docker-compose.yml''
+<file>
+version: '3.8'
+#
+# Nach einigem hin und her, hat sich mariadb als zuverlässigste datenbank herausgestellt
+# Achtung: NICHT mysql, sondern mariadb !
+#
+services:
+mariadb:
+   image: mariadb:${MARIADB_TAG}
+   platform: linux/amd64
+   cap_add:
+     - SYS_NICE
+   restart: always
+   command: --default-storage-engine innodb --transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED --log-bin=binlog --binlog-format=ROW
+   environment:
+#Attention: won't work !
+#      - MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD="XXX"
+#use this and check the password at the logs of the first start:
+     - MARIADB_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD=1
+     - MARIADB_AUTO_UPGRADE=1
+# 0 = Null = False, but false does not work here
+     - MARIADB_ALLOW_EMPTY_ROOT_PASSWORD=0
+#Could be set when opening port 3306 to the hosts network and disallow root when connecting from other hosts
+#is only set the first time for user creation - after that its fixed and may only be changed after login or internally in the container
+#wenn leer, dann wird als host % genommen (also alle)if not set, % = allow all is taken
+#      - MARIADB_ROOT_HOST='%'
+   security_opt: # see https://github.com/MariaDB/mariadb-docker/issues/434#issuecomment-1136151239
+     - seccomp:unconfined
+     - apparmor:unconfined
+#can be set to prevent some limitations. as long as the service is fine, don't change!
+#    ulimits:
+#      nproc: "262144"
+#      nofile:
+#        soft: "262144"
+#        hard: "262144"
+#      memlock: "262144"
+   healthcheck:
+     test: healthcheck.sh --connect --innodb_initialized
+     interval: 20s
+     start_period: 10s
+     timeout: 10s
+     retries: 3
+#This opens the IP- Port of MariaDB - i won't do this as the socket /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock is more efficient
+#    ports:
+#      - 3306:3306
+   volumes:
+     - mariadb_data:/var/lib/mysql
+     - mariadb_log:/var/log/mysql
+     - ./my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
+     - /run/mysqld:/run/mysqld
+#This won't work as mariadb does not get lock to that file when managed by docker (don't now why exactly)
+#      - /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
+   tmpfs:
+     - /tmp
+   networks:
+     - mariadb
+ phpmyadmin:
+   image: phpmyadmin:latest
+   platform: linux/amd64
+   restart: always
+   ports:
+     - 8081:80
+   environment:
+     - PMA_ARBITRARY=1
+     - PMA_ABSOLUTE_URI=http://pcserver2023:8081/
+     - PMA_HOSTS=localhost
+#      - PMA_PORTS=/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
+     - PMA_PMADB=phpmyadmin
+   volumes:
+     # Own Config in local config.user.inc.php
+     - ./config.user.inc.php:/etc/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php:ro
+     - /run/mysqld:/run/mysqld
+   healthcheck:
+     test: "curl localhost:80"
+     interval: "60s"
+     timeout: "3s"
+     start_period: "5s"
+     retries: 3
+   depends_on:
+     - mariadb
+   networks:
+     - mariadb
+volumes:
+mariadb_data:
+   driver_opts:
+     device: ""
+     type: ""
+     o: "umask=0007"
+ mariadb_log:
+   driver: local
+   driver_opts:
+     device: ""
+     type: ""
+     o: "umask=0007"
+networks:
+   mariadb:
 </file>
+File ''my.cnf''
+<file>
+[server]
+max_connections = 12
+#
+skip_name_resolve = 1
+#und Statistiken ausschalten
+innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
+#
+max_allowed_packet = 16M
+sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
+#tmp-tables werden zum beispiel für update-select verwendet. wenn die hier nicht rein passen, werden sie auf der Platte
+#erzeugt.
+#Achtung: Warnungen, dass 0_TMPFILE nicht angelegt werden können, sind normal(!), hindern nicht an der Ausführung, solange mysql startet
+#Diese soll gleich sein mit max_heap_table_size
+tmp_table_size = 1024M
+max_heap_table_size = 1024M
+#Timeouts hochsetzen
+# 3600 ist wohl zu viel, sagt mysqltuner
+wait_timeout = 300
+# damit wird dann nach 6 minuten inaktivität doch mal getrennt
+interactive_timeout = 360
+#[Warning] 'innodb-buffer-pool-instances' was removed. It does nothing now and exists only for compatibility with old my.cnf files.
+#innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
+# Standard 128 - wir haben 16GB Hauptspeicher und das soll eine große DB werden. Also diese auch etwas nutzen.
+#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
+innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
+#log_file_size sollen 25% des buffer-pools sein
+#sollen aber nicht mehr als 256M sein sagt der ratgeber... mal sehen
+innodb_log_file_size = 256M
+innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
+innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
+innodb_flush_method = fsync
+innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
+query_cache_type = 1
+query_cache_limit = 56M
+query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
+query_cache_size = 64M
+low-priority-updates=on
+join_buffer_size = 256M
+sort_buffer_size = 4M
+read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
+#Nur fuer MyISAM-Tabellen: war 128M und fast nicht benutzt. soll man runterschalten, zur Performancesteigerung
+key_buffer_size=64M
+#Bin-Log: sehr wichtig!
+log_bin=mysql-bin
+binlog_format = ROW
+expire_logs_days=3
+#Slow Logs - Todos: Wie kann man das in Docker gut machen - also persistent, aber OHNE zuviel Datenmüll?
+#solange ich die rotation nicht an habe, würde das zuviel schreiben
+slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/slow.log
+log-slow-verbosity=explain
+#slow_query_log = 0
+#
+#Möglichkeit 1: herausfinden vieler disk-zugriffe
+#slow-query-log = 1
+## Alder - default=sp - aber keiner weiss, wofür sp steht! Also raus!
+#log-slow-disabled_statements=admin
+#Deprecated mit MariaDB11 - "use log_slow_filter without admin"
+#log-slow-admin-statements=off
+#long-query-time=0
+#log-slow-filter=filesort_on_disk,tmp_table_on_disk
+#Möglichkeit 2: Lange Queries wegen fehlender Indizes
+slow-query-log = 1
+long-query-time=1
+#log-slow-filter=not_using_index
+[client]
+default-character-set = utf8mb4
+socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
+[mysqld]
+character_set_server = utf8mb4
+collation_server = utf8mb4_general_ci
+transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
+innodb_file_per_table=1
+#[Warning] 'innodb-large-prefix' was removed. It does nothing now and exists only for compatibility with old my.cnf files.
+#innodb_large_prefix=on
+#[Warning] 'innodb-defragment' was removed. It does nothing now and exists only for compatibility with old my.cnf files.
+#innodb-defragment=1
+</file>
+File ''config.user.inc.php''
+<file>
+<?php
+declare(strict_types=1);
+# Settings for phpMyAdmin
+# $cfg['ShowPhpInfo'] = true; // Adds a link to phpinfo() on the home page
+$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer'] = false;
+// Array starts at 1 ...
+$i = 1;
+$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = 'localhost';
+$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket'] = '/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock';
+#$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'http';
+</file>
+===== Backup =====
+Backing up MariaDB on Docker works like this:
+<file>
+#!/bin/bash
+# This would be Postgres - i don't like postgres, so see beneath for mariadb:
+# rm /backup/nextcloud_pgdumpall.zstd
+# docker exec -t postgresql-pgsql_db-1 pg_dumpall -c -U postgres  | zstd -19 -o /backup/nextcloud_pgdumpall.zstd --no-progress
+# For mariadb use mariadb-dump and root
+# For mysql use mysqldump and admin
+BACKUPFILE=/backup/nextcloud_mariadbdump.zstd
+MARIADB_PASS='verysecretpassword'
+echo "Backup of mariadb to ${BACKUPFILE}"
+rm ${BACKUPFILE}
+docker exec -t mariadb-mariadb-1 mariadb-dump --all-databases --single-transaction --quick --lock-tables=false -u root -p${MARIADB_PASS}  | zstd -19 -o ${BACKUPFILE} --no-progress
+echo 'Backup done.'
+</file>
+==== No Docker Service ====
+If you have MariaDB as native Host- Service installed, use:
+<file>
+#!/bin/bash
+# Makes a Backup of the whole Mariadb
+BACKUPFILE=/root/backup/mariadb_dump_all.zstd
+echo "Fullbackup of MariaDB into ${BACKUPFILE}..."
+# Keep one Copy of the old Backup
+if [ -f ${BACKUPFILE} ]; then
+    if [ -f ${BACKUPFILE}.back ]; then
+        rm ${BACKUPFILE}.back
+    fi
+    mv ${BACKUPFILE} ${BACKUPFILE}.back
+else
+    echo "File ${BACKUPFILE} was not found, not removing ${BACKUPFILE}.back"
+fi
+# for mysql use mysqldump...
+/usr/bin/mariadb-dump --all-databases --single-transaction --quick --lock-tables=true -u root -p'SECRETPASSPHRASE' | zstd -19 -o ${BACKUPFILE} --no-progress
+if [ ! -f ${BACKUPFILE} ]; then
+    echo "ERROR: File ${BACKUPFILE} was not created - NO BACKUP PERFORMED. Please check the Backup."
+    exit 1
+fi
+</file>
+===== Optimizing Tables =====
+Doing this will remove defragmentation and repair some stuff, so maybe you want to do this once a month or so ''mariadb_optimize.sh'':
+<file>
+#!/bin/bash
+#Optimize Database
+# 28.11.2023: Docker-Version
+# 13.12.2023: Replaced mysql by mariadb
+#
+echo "Check and optimize DB Mysql"
+RUN_SQL=/srv/backupscripts/backupfiles/check_all_tables.sql
+RUN_LOG=/srv/backupscripts/backupfiles/check_all_tables.log
+#SQL="SELECT CONCAT('ANALYZE LOCAL TABLE \`',table_schema,'\`.\`',table_name,'\`;')"
+SQL="SELECT CONCAT('CHECK TABLE \`',table_schema,'\`.\`',table_name,'\` EXTENDED;')"
+SQL="${SQL} FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema NOT IN"
+SQL="${SQL} ('information_schema','performance_schema','mysql','sys','innodb')"
+SQL="${SQL} AND engine IS NOT NULL"
+MARIADB_USER='root'
+MARIADB_PASS='verysecretpassword'
+CONTAINERNAME='mariadb_mariadb_1'
+RUN_CMD="docker exec -i ${CONTAINERNAME} mariadb -u${MARIADB_USER} -p${MARIADB_PASS}"
+# Create SQL Commands to run
+${RUN_CMD} -ANe"${SQL}" --raw --silent | grep TABLE> ${RUN_SQL}
+# Execute CHECK TABLE Commands
+${RUN_CMD} --raw --silent --table <${RUN_SQL}> ${RUN_LOG} 2>&1
+#cat "${RUN_LOG}" | grep check
+#RUN_ERROR=(`cat "${RUN_LOG}" | grep check`)
+RUN_ERROR=(`cat "${RUN_LOG}" | grep error`)
+if [[ ! -z "${RUN_ERROR}" |]]; then
+  echo "***********************************************"
+  echo ""
+  echo "!!!! ERROR- STOP OPTIMIZE: Some MySQL Databases are corrupt, please check output in ${RUN_LOG}:"
+  cat "${RUN_LOG}"
+  echo ""
+  echo "***********************************************"
+  exit 1
+fi
+echo "Check MysqlDB was sucessful, no errors found"
+exit 0
+#For me, i choose to run this only every 6th of the month
+ifStart=`date '+%d'`
+if [ $ifStart == 06 ]
+then
+  echo "Optimize DB Mysql"
+  RUN_SQL=/srv/backupscripts/backupfiles/optimize_all_tables.sql
+  RUN_LOG=/srv/backupscripts/backupfiles/optimize_all_tables.log
+  SQL="SELECT CONCAT('OPTIMIZE TABLE \`',table_schema,'\`.\`',table_name,'\`;')"
+  SQL="${SQL} FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema NOT IN"
+  SQL="${SQL} ('information_schema','performance_schema','mysql','sys','innodb')"
+  SQL="${SQL} AND engine IS NOT NULL"
+  # Create SQL Commands to run
+  ${RUN_CMD} -ANe"${SQL}" --raw --silent | grep TABLE> ${RUN_SQL}
+  # Execute Commands
+  ${RUN_CMD} --raw --silent --table <"${RUN_SQL}"> ${RUN_LOG} 2>&1
+  cat "${RUN_LOG}"
+  RUN_ERROR=(`cat "${RUN_LOG}" | grep error`)
+  if [[ ! -z "${RUN_ERROR}" |]]; then
+    echo "***********************************************"
+    echo ""
+    echo "!!!! ERROR- STOP OPTIMIZE: Some MySQL Databases are corrupt, please check output in ${RUN_LOG}:"
+    echo ""
+    echo "***********************************************"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  # Useless for Docker...
+  #  /sbin/btrfs filesystem defragment /srv/faststorage/mysql -r
+fi
+echo "Optimize finished sucessfully"
+exit 0
+#Diese Version geht leider nicht, weil die KOmmandos im Docker nicht vorhanden sind...
+#docker exec -t mysql-mysqldb-1 mysqlcheck -u admin -p'Ps.xz!)6JLn/YoGL' --check --auto-repair --all-databases 1>/dev/null
+#docker exec -t mysql-mysqldb-1 mysqlcheck -u admin -p'Ps.xz!)6JLn/YoGL' --check --auto-repair --all-databases
+</file>